Pile fabric and method of making the same



Feb. 23, 1932. F. E. BISHOP 1,846,245

FILE FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Feb. 7, 1930 INVENTOR FREDERICK E. BISHOP Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREDERICK E. BISHOP, OFTTNION CITY, NEW JERSEY PILE FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Application filed February 7, 1930. Serial No. 426,510.

if} two-faced pile fabric with a single foundation web.

it another object of my invention to produce a double pile fabric in the manner well known in the arts of plush and velvet manufuctru'e, and to superimpose pile loops upon the outer sides of said double pile fabric.

Another object of my invention is to pro- Vlilt, as a novel article of manufacture, a douhie pile fabric with a cut pile on one side and an uncut pile on the other side.

It is a further object of my invention to provide. a novel article of manufacture, a double pile fabric with cut piles on both sides.

A further object of my invention is to manufacture a two-faced pile fabric on a double pile fabric loom such as used in the manu facture of plush and velvets thus producing in a loom of that kind two pieces of two-faced pile fabric at the same speed in which at the present state of the art two pieces of a cut pile fabric are produced.

A further object of my invention is to provide a two-faced pile fabric which has piles of different colors, materials or texture on its two sides.

A further object of my invention is to provide a twofaced fabric in which one side of the fabric shows a solid pile and the other shows a pile arranged in a predetermined design.

Another object of my invention is to provide a two-faced pile fabric, the piles on the two sides of said fabric being arranged in dif ferent designs.

I have attained these and other objects by the improvements described hereinafter, and illustrated by the diagrams of the drawings which form part hereof, in which Figure l is a longitudinal phantom sec tion of a fabric of my invention, as it is produced in a loom as a double pile fabric.

Figure 2 shows a corresponding harness draft.

Figure 3 indicates in an enlarged, schematic view, the two-faced cut-pile fabric of my invention.

Figure 4. shows another two-faced pile fabric which is produced by my invention, said fabric being provided with a cut pile on one side and with an uncut pile on the other side.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various views.

A section of wefts of the upper and lower webs of the double fabricindicated in Figure l are consecutively numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The wefts 3, 4:, 5, 8, 9 and 10 of both webs correspond to the wefts ordinarily used in the manufacture of a double pile fabric. The extra wefts 1 andQ, and 6 and 7 are supported above and below the double pile fabric by a top warp cord 11 and by abottom warp cord 12, respectively. These top and bottom cords consist of a smooth thread or wire which allows them to be pulled out of the fabric when it leaves or after it has left the loom. It is also possible to secure the rear ends of said top warp cord 11 and said bottom warp cord 12 upon a stationary part of the loom, the front ends of said cords extending into said loom beyond the point at which actual weaving takes place, so that the fully woven fabric slides off said cords and is received from said loom without said top warp cord 11 and said bottom warp cord 12. To facilitate the sliding of the fabric on said top andbottom warp cords, said cords may be frontwardly attenuated.

The warp threads13 and 15, and 1t and 16 form part ofthe regular weave of the top web 26 and bottom web 27, respectively, and the pile threads 19 and 20 are connected into the top web 9 6 and bottom web 27 by W-bindings and unite the two webs in a manner known to those acquainted with double plush and velvet manufacture. The wefts 3, 5, 8, 9 and 10 of the upper and lower webs bind the loop pile threads 17 and 18 in a direction opposed to that in which they respectively bind the pile warps 19 and 20. The said loop pile threads are looped over the extra wefts 1, 2, 6 and 7 and they thus provide piles on the outsides of the double pile fabric. My improved fabric therefore consists of a double pile fabric upon which looped piles have been superimposed by means of the supports 11 and 12, the wefts 1, 2, 6 and 7 and the loop pile threads 17 and 18.

The harness dra t, according to which 1 weave the fabric illustrated in Figure 1, is shown in Figure 2. The shafts corresponding to the warp ends 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 are indicated by similar numerals at the left end of the diagram. The shafts are additionally marked by abbreviated initials identifying the respective warps. Thus I show in rotation the top warp cord, TVVC (11), the bottom warp cord BVVC (12), a top warp TVJ (13), a bottom warp BWV (14), a top warp TVs (15), a bottom warp 131V (16), a top loop pile warp TLP 17 the bottom loop pile warp BLP (18), and the two piles P, P, (19 and 20), which the two webs 26 and 27 have in common. The arrangement of the hettles 21 is indicated to the left of the harness draft and arrow heads indicate the positioning of the eyes on said hettles. A downwardly directed arrow head indicates that the respective hettle has an eye at the upper end, an upwardly directed arrow head indicates that the respective bottle has an eye near its lower end and double arrow heads indicate that the eyes are substantially centrally disposed upon the respective hettles.

Upon the right side of the diagram of the harness draft, the drum is schematically indicated. The three positions of the pins on the drum, high, low and intermediate are in dicated by dots, circles and by circles upon which a cross is superimposed, respectively. The rotation of the picks is indicated by numerals below the diagram of the drum, said numerals corresponding to the numbers of similar wefts of Figure 1.

The extent and the allocation of the bindings of the pile warps are exemplary and may be modified in accordance with the state of the art.

The two webs 26 and 27 making up the double pile fabric. may be severed as they come from or after they have left the loom.

If the top warp cord and the bottom warp the double fabric in the loom, has then the appearance of Figure 4 showing a cut pile 22 above, and a Frizee 23 below the ground web 24.

If the pile loops are cut open or if their upper ends are sheared off, and the cut ends are opened up, a two-faced velvet or plush material is obtained as shown in Figure 3, a velvety surface 22 protruding above and a velvety face protruding below the ground web 24.

The use of materials of different color for the pile warp which the top and bottom webs have in common and for the loop pile threads allows me to produce a two-faced velvet, one side of which has an entirely different color from the other. Since the outer and inner piles of the double pile fabric are independent, difierent patterns of pile arrange ment may be shown on the two sides of the finished fabric. Hence, my improvements, aside from offering a simple method of manufacturing two-faced fabrics, also allow the manufacture of a great variety of novel pile fabrics.

Although I have shown and described one form of embodiment of my invention in detail, yet I do not wish to be limited thereby, except as the state of the art and the appended claims may require, for it is obvious that various modifications and changes may be made in the form of embodiment of my invention, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

I claim:

1. The method of making a two-faced fabric, consisting in weaving a double pile fabric, temporarily supporting extra wefts by cords above and below said double pile fabric, binding pile warps into said double pile fabric, looping said pile warps over said wefts, and dividing the resulting two-faced double pile fabric into two pieces of two-faced pile fabric.

2. A blank fabric, comprising an upper and a lower ground web, pile Warp threads uniting said ground webs, and pile warp loops outwardly projecting from said webs, said pile warp loops being supported by wefts which are predeterminedly raised above said webs by removably interposed warps during the weaving process.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

FREDERICK E. BISHOP. 

